Recent developments in the conflict in the Middle East are increasingly heating up, creating new tensions both at regional and international levels. This protracted conflict involves various actors, including states, armed groups and international stakeholders. One of the key issues in this conflict is the tension between Israel and Hamas. The Hamas rebellion in Gaza has led to an escalation of air strikes by Israel, resulting in thousands of casualties, including civilians. These attacks were answered by the launch of rockets by Hamas into Israeli territory, creating a cycle of violence that seems difficult to stop. Mediation efforts by Arab and international countries have not yet brought a concrete solution, so the situation remains uncertain. In Syria, a civil war that has lasted more than a decade continues. Various armed groups, both supported by the government and the opposition, are involved in complex disputes. The presence of ISIS militants who are trying to revive adds to the challenge in finding a resolution. Meanwhile, the involvement of Russia and Iran in supporting the Bashar al-Assad regime is crucial, on the other hand, western countries, such as the United States, have expressed concerns about the human rights violations that have occurred. Yemen is also experiencing serious impacts from the prolonged conflict. The main cause of the crisis is fighting between the internationally recognized government and the Iran-backed Houthi rebels. The war has caused one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises, with millions of people displaced and in need of urgent humanitarian assistance. Long efforts to end hostilities through large-scale negotiations are still deadlocked. Lebanon did not escape the dynamics of this conflict, where the presence of Hezbollah as a powerful armed group changed the face of politics and tensions in the country. The political configuration in Lebanon, which consists of various sects, is further complicated by a severe economic crisis. Hezbollah’s involvement in regional conflicts exacerbates the domestic situation, with many citizens feeling marginalized and frustrated with ineffective governance. Issues such as refugee rights, access to resources, and social injustice also continue to be sources of tension. While international governments are holding dialogue, many citizens in conflict countries are starting to lose hope. The emergence of protest movements calling for systemic change signals the people’s desire to see a better future. The involvement of global actors, including the United States, Russia and Arab countries, further complicates this conflict. In some cases, military and diplomatic support actually exacerbated tensions, making peaceful resolutions more difficult to achieve. The desire to balance regional powers and influence political dynamics in the Middle East is a factor that creates the background for increasingly intense conflict. Climate change, including its impact on food security, is also starting to become an influencing factor in conflict risk in the Middle East. With increasing economic challenges and deteriorating environmental conditions, protests and public discontent are likely to increase, potentially exacerbating an already complicated situation. In conclusion, the situation in the Middle East continues to require attention and collaborative efforts from the international community to achieve lasting peace in the region.
